BIOCHEM HELP !!! Exam 4 Review Questions 1 . What is metabolism? What are anabol
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BIOCHEM HELP !!!
Exam 4 Review Questions 1 . What is metabolism? What are anabolic and catabolic reactions? Which requires energy? Releases energy? Which often involves oxidation? Reduction? Give an example of anabolic reaction and a catabolic reaction. 2. Describe in detail what happens during glycolysis. How many steps are they (know intermediates, enzymes, and important cofactors)? Does glycolysis produce energy? how many molecules of ATP are produced at the end of glycolysis? In the conversion of glucose to pyruvate via glycolysis, all of the following enzymes participate in the process. Indicate the order in which they function by numbering them. hexokinase triose phosphate isomerase phosphoglucoisomerase enolase glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase pyruvate kinase phosphofructokinase- 1 Which of the following enzymes mentioned above represent a major regulation point in glycolysis? Which catalyzes a reaction in which ATP is produced? Which catalyzes a reaction in which NADH is produced? How many carbons does glucose have? How many carbons does pyruvate have? Was there a loss of carbon (in the form of carbon dioxide) during glycolysis? If yes, how many carbons were lost?Explanation / Answer
1. Metabolism is referred to as the series of changes that a substance undergoes after absorption from the gastrointestinal tract whereby it is used for synthesis of some of the tissue components or is broken down or otherwise altered and eliminated from the body through urine, feces, sweat or respiration.
Anabolic reaction is a reaction in which larger molecules are build from smaller molecules where as catabolic reaction is a reaction in which larger molecules are break down into smaller molecules.
Anabolic reaction consumes energy where as catabolic reaction produces energy.
Catabolic reaction involves oxidation where as anabolic reaction involves reduction.
The conversion of glucose into pyruvic acid is an example of catabolic reaction as the where as the formation of proteins from amino acids is an example of anabolic reaction.
2.Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway in which one molecule of glucose is converted into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid and the energy released in this process is used to form ATP. There are 10 steps in glycolysis. Yes glycolysis produce energy. 2 molecules of ATP are produced at the end of glycolysis.
3.1 hexokinase;
2 phosphoglucoisomerase;
3 phosphofructokinase-1;
5 triose phosphate isomerase;
6 glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase;
9 enolase;
10 pyruvate kinase
Phosphofructokinase-1 enzyme mentioned above represent a major regulation pointin glycolysis.
Phosphoglycerate kinase and pyruvate kinase enzymes catalyzes a reaction in which ATP is produced.
Glycerophosphate dehydrogenase enzyme catalyzes a reaction in which NADH is produced.
4.Glucose have six carbons. Pyruvic acid have four carbons. There is no loss of carbon during glycolysis in the form of carbon dioxide.
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