Traumatic brain injuries may result in damage to the blood vessels in the spaces
ID: 93312 • Letter: T
Question
Traumatic brain injuries may result in damage to the blood vessels in the spaces between the meninges. These damage blood vessels leak blood into either the subdural or subarachnoid spaces-a potentially deadly condition called a subdural or subarachnoid hemorrhage. Why is this condition so dangerous? Predict the effects of injuries to the following areas: a. Cerebral cortex _______ b. Brainstem ______ c. Cerebellum ________ d. Hypothalamus______ Which of the injuries from question 2 do you think would be the most damaging to survival? Why?Explanation / Answer
1.
Traumatic brain injury means internal injury occurs when an outside force damage the brain. The damage leads to the internal bleeding happens in the subdural or subarachnoid haemorrhage. Subdural space is present between the dura matter and arachnoid membrane.
The internal haemorrhage:
Slow leakage of blood into this space leads to form a clot and it compresses the brain. This leads to restricting the oxygenated blood flow to the brain. The absence of oxygen causes swelling. The swelling lead to brain contact with the bone at the opening of the skull and then brain stops working.
2.
a. The large part of the brain is called as the cerebral cortex. It controls the thinking activities. It is divided into two halves:
Left cerebral hemispheres: it controls the body’s right side parts.
Right cerebral hemispheres: it controls the body’s left side parts.
If damage happens to the cerebral cortex leads to paralysis.
b. The Brain stem is acting like a connector between the cortex and the internal (like water requirements) and external environments (the actions are received by smell and visual etc.).
If damage happens to the brain stem leads to irregular involuntary and voluntary moments like irregular breathing. In some cases, this leads to coma.
c. The cerebellum damage leads to
d.The hypothalamus controls the pituitary gland. This pituitary gland controls the endocrine glands of the body. Therefore, malfunction of hypothalamus shows the effect on the hormones.
3. For survival of a person: Brain stem injury persons unable to survive.
the Brain stem injury regulates the involuntary moments like breathing and it passes external stimuli to the brain. So, the person with this damage leads to the coma, and he behaves irrelevant with surroundings. This leads to brain death.
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