What is an individual\'s actual genetic makeup called? A. genotype B. homozygosi

Question

What is an individual's actual genetic makeup called? A. genotype B. homozygosity C. recessiveness D. phenotypic ratio E. phenotype Groups of three bases on DNA are referred to as _____ and code for and code for _____ A. Groupies: proteins B. Base sets: amino acids C. Codons: proteins D. Codons: amino acids E. None of the above In general, Mendelian traits A. are governed by more than one genetic locus B. occur only in some people C. are always dominant D. are governed by one genetic locus E. are always recessive Which of the following types of traits are governed by more than one genetic locus? A. polygenic B, dominant C. Mendelian D. recessive E. pleiotropic Genetic drift is A. the change in allele frequencies produced by random factors B. the result of large populations C. the opposite of founder effect D. not associated with evolutionary change E. the change in allele frequencies produced by nonrandom factors Mendel's principle of segregation A. Is now considered false B. Was the first time mutations were described in science C. Was a major influence on Darwirn D. Describes what we now call meiosis E. All of the above Mitosis A. Is the name of the first stage in DNA replication B. Is the cell division somatic cells undergo C. Is the cell division sex cells undergo D. Is the cell division all cells undergo E. Is one of 17 different cell division processes

Explanation / Answer

Ans 1: Phenotype is nothing but the physical appearance and this appearance is based on set of genes of the organism while a phenotype ratio is the ratio of comparison of the characteristics.
          Homozygosity is the condition where an offspring inherits two forms of a particular gene from each parent while Recessiveness is a state where a particular trai would not be expressed unless it is inhereted from both.
         So, the individuals actual make up is called as genotype.

Ans 2: Groupies and basic sets are not defined terms for anything related to DNA. However, you have heard about DNA groups being explained and termed as codons. Now one part of the question is solved. Move on to the next part. First, let us recollect what a protein is. Before that, let us try to understand what an amino acid is. Amino acids are the small units that build up a protein. the amio acids are therefore the building blocks of proteins. So the correct answer would be amino acids and not proteins. The sentence should be in this way- group of three bases on DNA are referred to as codons and code for amino acids

Ans 3: If a trait is governed by more than one genetic locust then it is polygenic and not Mendelian. Mendelian trait is likely to have identifiable loci while this is not true for a polygenic trait. A Mendelian trait is controlled by a single locus and not multiple locust like polygenic.

Ans 4: We have read earlier that Mendelian traits are not governed by more than one genetic locus and there is a different term if that happens. We have described such a condition as polygenic. Polygenic means "many genes." So, if the trait is conrolled by more than one genes then it is said to be polygenic. You may be confused with pleiotropic however. But do remember that pleiotropic refers to a state in which a single gene controls multiple phenotypic traits.

Ans 5: We have to keep in mind that genetic drift is a random process and this cannot be regarded as a non random process so option E is wrong. Small populations are more susceptible than large populations to result in genetic drift so again, we cross out option B. Now, there are two special cases of genetic drift. One is bottleneck and the other is the founder effect. So Genetic drift is not the opposite of founder effect and option C is wrong. From this we can understand that option A is right.

Ans 6: In order to describe how the traits can disappear and reappear, Mendel studied the effect and came up with what is known as the law of segregation and this segregation of alleles occurs during a state called as meiosis.Hugo was the first person to coin the term "mutation". Mendel's law of segregation was developed in 1865 and Darwin published "On the Origin of Species" in the year 1859.

Ans 7: Mitosis is a stage when a single cell divides to two identical daughter cells. There are two types of cell divisions so all cells undergo either mitosis or meiosis. Gamete cells or sex cells undergo meiosis, while somatic cells undergo mitosis so option B is correct

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse W
• Subjects

---

---

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.