What is the relationship between the strenth an acid and its conjugate base? b.
ID: 995966 • Letter: W
Question
What is the relationship between the strenth an acid and its conjugate base? b. Explain the following observations: i. HCL is a stronger acid than H_2S ii. HBrO_3 is a stronger acid than HBrO_2. iii. H_3 PO_4 is a stronger acid than H_3 ASO_4. iv. H_2C_2O_4 is a stronger acid than HC_2O_4^-1. v. Benzoic acid (C_0H-5COOH) is a stronger acid than phenol(C_0H_5OH). a. If K_b-base dissociation constant, for ammonia (NH_3) is 1.8 times 10^-5 and that for hydroxylamine (NH_2OH) is 1.1 tiems 10^-8. i. Which is a stronger base? why? ii. What is the rule that you are using? iii. Write the conjugate acids for these bases. iv. Predict which of the two conjugate acid will be stronger. Explain the rationale for your answer. i. Calculate the PH of a solution, which has POH = 5. ii. Calculate the K_b of the solution, which has ka = 2.5 tiems 10^-9 a. What is the lewis acid-base theory? b. Identify the lawis acid and Lewis base in each of the following reactions:Explanation / Answer
Q1.(a): The conjugate base of a strong acid is a weak base and vice versa.
(b): (i): This is due to the higher electronegativity of Cl in comparison to S. Due to the higher electronegativity, HCl is more polar ,making it easier to lose H+ ion.
(ii): Due to the higher oxidation state of the central atom in HBrO3, it is a stronger acid than HBrO2.
(iii): Due to higher electronegativity of the central atom P
Q.2: (a).(i): Ammonia is a stronger base. Because the base dissociation constant, Kb for ammonia(NH3) is higher and hence more OH-(aq) ions are formed due to the dissociation of NH3.
(ii): The rule we use is higher the value of Kb higher is the basicity.
(iii): Conjugate acid of NH3 is NH4+(aq).
Conjugate acid of NH2OH is NH3OH+(aq).
(iv) Since NH2OH is a weak base, its conjugate acid NH3OH+(aq) is a stronger acid.
(b): (i): Given pOH = 5
pH + pOH = 14
=> pH = 14 - pOH = 14 - 5
=> pH = 9 (answer)
(ii): Given Ka = 2.5x10-9
Kw = 10-14 = Ka x Kb
=> Kb = 10-14 / Ka
=> Kb = 10-14 / 2.5x10-9 = 4.0x10-6 (answer)
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