Biology and Genetics

1.) In rare cases, individuals do not produce an A-, B-, or O-type oligosacchari

1.) In rare cases, individuals do not produce an A-, B-, or O-type oligosaccharide at all. Can these individuals receive type A, B, or O blood transfusions? Can they donate blood …

1.) In tomato plants, for three traits: solid leaves ( M_ ) are dominant to mott

1.) In tomato plants, for three traits: solid leaves (M_) are dominant to mottled leaves (mm), normal height (D_) is dominant to dwarf height (dd), and smooth skin (P_) is dominan…

1.) In tomato plants, spines ( s ) are recessive to no spines ( S ), and white f

1.) In tomato plants, spines (s) are recessive to no spines (S), and white fruit color (w) is recessive to red fruit color (W). The genes for spines and fruit color are located on…

1.) Is skeletal muscle a distributed organ? yes or no 2.) Each motor neuron inne

1.) Is skeletal muscle a distributed organ? yes or no 2.) Each motor neuron innervates a finite number of muscle fibers. We have referred to this set of muscle fibers as a motor u…

1.) Jennifer is a 20-year-old female who has been suffering from many small frac

1.) Jennifer is a 20-year-old female who has been suffering from many small fractures in her hip. Her doctor performs some tests and finds that she has a significant reduction in …

1.) Land and water heat and cool differently. Which heats and cools faster and t

1.) Land and water heat and cool differently. Which heats and cools faster and to a greater degree? (In other words, which will get hotter in summer and colder in winter?) A) Land…

1.) Most sexually reproducing organisms are devided into species based on whethe

1.) Most sexually reproducing organisms are devided into species based on whether or not they have the potential to interbreed and produce fertile offspring. This criterion doesn'…

1.) Name and describe two key contributions that the natural environment makes t

1.) Name and describe two key contributions that the natural environment makes to our economies 2.) What are ecosystem services? Give several examples. Describe how some economist…

1.) Name the “ingredients” that are necessary for PCR to work efficiently/proper

1.) Name the “ingredients” that are necessary for PCR to work efficiently/properly? (**3-5 correct answers**) -dNTPs -template DNA to be amplified -NDPs -heat-resistance DNA polym…

1.) Neural crest cells that migrate along the dorso-lateral pathway between the

1.) Neural crest cells that migrate along the dorso-lateral pathway between the ectoderm and somites give rise to __________________cells. 2.) What accounts for the variation in t…

1.) Oceans cover approximately _____ % of the earth\'s surface. a. [20] b. [50]

1.) Oceans cover approximately _____ % of the earth's surface. a. [20] b. [50] c. [70] d. [85] 2.) What type of rock is the ocean floor made of primarily? a. [Granite] b. [Schist]…

1.) Oceans cover approximately _____ % of the earth\'s surface. a. [20] b. [50]

1.) Oceans cover approximately _____ % of the earth's surface. a. [20] b. [50] c. [70] d. [85] 2.) What type of rock is the ocean floor made of primarily? a. [Granite] b. [Schist]…

1.) Once again, consider the global population of sensory neurons that innervate

1.) Once again, consider the global population of sensory neurons that innervate somatic muscle spindles. Where do these neurons secrete glutamate? within muscle spindles within t…

1.) PLEASE ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IF POSSIBLE!!! Assume that a disease in humans i

1.) PLEASE ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IF POSSIBLE!!! Assume that a disease in humans is caused by the dominant autosomal mutation with 80% penetrance. A person who is heterozygous for t…

1.) People with a genetic condition known as Li-Fraumeni syndrome inherit one mu

1.) People with a genetic condition known as Li-Fraumeni syndrome inherit one mutatedcopy of the TP53 gene. These people have a high risk of developing a number ofdifferent cancer…

1.) Pick an expression vector for protein expression in E. coli, such as the pla

1.) Pick an expression vector for protein expression in E. coli, such as the plasmid pPROTet E, to express and purify the enzyme Streptokinase ( from Streptococcus Pyogenes) pPROT…

1.) Prostaglandin E causes: A.) chemotaxis. B.) smooth muscle contraction. C.) p

1.) Prostaglandin E causes: A.) chemotaxis. B.) smooth muscle contraction. C.) platelet degradation. D.) Platelet release 2. The purpose of toll-like receptors (TLR) is to A.) act…

1.) Put the geological features in order from youngest to oldest 2.) what are th

1.) Put the geological features in order from youngest to oldest 2.) what are the 3 unconformities and what kind are they? 3.) Based on the rock compostition of layer F. What envi…

1.) Researchers from the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History retrieved samples

1.) Researchers from the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History retrieved samples of fossil plants from an ancient lake bed in Patagonia. They used Carbon-14 radiometric dating to …

1.) Select proteins which are exclusively structural (not involved in cell shape

1.) Select proteins which are exclusively structural (not involved in cell shape changes): (Select all that apply) a.) tubulin b.) keratin c.) actin      d.) myosin e.) collagen  …

1.) Self inductance is a physical quantity that depends only on the geometry of

1.) Self inductance is a physical quantity that depends only on the geometry of the inductor. A solenoid with N loops, length l, and cross-sectional area A, with current I   flowi…

1.) The PPACA originally requires the employer mandate to start in 2014. Under t

1.) The PPACA originally requires the employer mandate to start in 2014. Under this healthcare law, all of the following are true A. the deadline got pushed back to 2015 for emplo…

1.) The aquatic environment in general have less variation in temperature than t

1.) The aquatic environment in general have less variation in temperature than terrestrial environment, this is due to: a) water is more dense than air b) the water's capacity of …

1.) The elevation of Denver, CO is significantly higher than that of Miami, Flor

1.) The elevation of Denver, CO is significantly higher than that of Miami, Florida. How should the surface atmospheric pressure and density of Denver generally compare to Miami? …

1.) The following lab test results -HGB=6.2 g/dl; Hct=18.7%, RBC=2.1 x10^6 cells

1.) The following lab test results -HGB=6.2 g/dl; Hct=18.7%, RBC=2.1 x10^6 cells/uL; MCV = 120 fL; MCHC = 33.2 g/dL; RDW = 23% - suggest that you include which of the following in…

1.) The function of the promoter is to: A. Indicate the start site for DNA synth

1.) The function of the promoter is to: A. Indicate the start site for DNA synthesis B. Indicate the start site for RNA synthesis C. Indicate the stop site of RNA synthesis D. Ind…

1.) The gold standard for confirming placement of a newly inserted nasogastric (

1.) The gold standard for confirming placement of a newly inserted nasogastric (NG) tube is: a. assessment of post-feed residual volume. b. auscultation after administration of ai…

1.) The ion channel that opens in response to acetylcholine is an example of a _

1.) The ion channel that opens in response to acetylcholine is an example of a ____________ signal transduction system. A) G protein B) ligand-gated C) receptor-enzyme D) serpenti…

1.) The majority of the human genome consists of a.) Open reading frames b.) Non

1.) The majority of the human genome consists of a.) Open reading frames b.) Noncoding DNA c.) Highly repetitive DNA d.) Genes that code for proteins 2.) The membrane-spanning seg…

1.) The normal eye color of Drosophila is red, but strains in which all flies ha

1.) The normal eye color of Drosophila is red, but strains in which all flies have brown eyes are available. Similarly, wings are normally long, but there are strains with short w…

1.) The one part that a cortical and medullary nephron share is the ___________,

1.) The one part that a cortical and medullary nephron share is the ___________, which runs the length of the renal arteriole. 2.)The ascending limb of the nephron loop is permeab…

1.) The order is 1 pint of 10% Drowsoff. Available is Drowsoff in a 95% stock so

1.) The order is 1 pint of 10% Drowsoff. Available is Drowsoff in a 95% stock solution A.) Calculate how much, in mL, of the 95% stock solution you will need B.) calculate how muc…

1.) The primary transcript or pre-mRNA of a nuclear gene in chimpanzee has the s

1.) The primary transcript or pre-mRNA of a nuclear gene in chimpanzee has the sequence: 5’ – GG – exon 1– AGGUAAGC – intron – CAGUC – exon 2 –AA -3’ After the intron has been exc…

1.) The primary transcript or pre-mRNA of a nuclear gene in chimpanzee has the s

1.) The primary transcript or pre-mRNA of a nuclear gene in chimpanzee has the sequence: 5’ – GG – exon 1– AGGUAAGC – intron – CAGUC – exon 2 –AA -3’ After the intron has been exc…

1.) The zygote is formed a.) at gamete production b.) during the latter half of

1.) The zygote is formed a.) at gamete production b.) during the latter half of gestation period C.) at fertilization d.) after birth 2.) Mitotic division of the zygote without an…

1.) The_________________________structure of proteins include the alpha helix an

1.) The_________________________structure of proteins include the alpha helix and beta sheet 2.)A red blood cell placed in a ____________-tonic solution will shrivel, but a red bl…

1.) Track the movement of any given RBC through the kidneys anatomy with the nep

1.) Track the movement of any given RBC through the kidneys anatomy with the nephron being a medullary nephron. 2.) What role does blood pressure have in the production of urine? …

1.) Use the following information for the next three questions. Below is a serie

1.) Use the following information for the next three questions. Below is a series of 10-cell crosses between mice with different fur colors (an autosomal recessive trait). Each wa…

1.) Using the arrival time difference between the P-wave and S-wave on a seismog

1.) Using the arrival time difference between the P-wave and S-wave on a seismogram will supply: the magnitude of the earthquake the direction of the oncoming seismic wave the int…

1.) Vertebrates that have an enlarged cecum, colon, or both, and gut chambers th

1.) Vertebrates that have an enlarged cecum, colon, or both, and gut chambers that are specialized to support communities of mixed, fermenting microbes are known as which of the f…

1.) WATERSHEDS eoding Wakeliele I) The Mystic River is 11 km long and runs from

1.) WATERSHEDS eoding Wakeliele I) The Mystic River is 11 km long and runs from Lower Mystic Lake to Boston Harbor. The Mystic River Watershed is comprised of 21 municipalities no…

1.) What are prions? Select one: a. viral DNA that attaches itself to the host g

1.) What are prions? Select one: a. viral DNA that attaches itself to the host genome and causes disease b. mobile segments of DNA c. tiny circular molecules of RNA that can infec…

1.) What are the circumstances under which glycogen would be broken downto its c

1.) What are the circumstances under which glycogen would be broken downto its component glucose molecules? 2.) How are glycogen phosphorylase and glycogen synthase reciprocally c…

1.) What are the five driving forces in evolution? Define and describe each one

1.) What are the five driving forces in evolution? Define and describe each one being sure to include specific examples of each. (8pts) B A population of lizards is separated into…

1.) What are the functions of the signal recognition particle (SRP) during the p

1.) What are the functions of the signal recognition particle (SRP) during the protein translocation into the ER? 2.) List at least two well studied protein coats and give an exam…

1.) What color would a gram negative be if you accidentally swapped the order of

1.) What color would a gram negative be if you accidentally swapped the order of safranin and crystal violet and why? 2.) What color would an L-form gram positive bacterium be? Ex…

1.) What does “exonuclease” activity mean? Which enzyme important for DNA polyme

1.) What does “exonuclease” activity mean? Which enzyme important for DNA polymerization has both 5’ – 3’ AND 3’ – 5’ exonuclease activity? Which is important for proofreading fun…

1.) What gives rise to different variations of traits within a species? Differen

1.) What gives rise to different variations of traits within a species? Different alleles of a gene Varying distances between genes Natural selection D. None of the above 2.) Cros…

1.) What is meant by an Evolutionary Stable Strategy in terms of behavior? a.) b

1.) What is meant by an Evolutionary Stable Strategy in terms of behavior? a.) behavior which gains the most food for an individual b.) behavior that allows many different species…

1.) What is meant by an Evolutionary Stable Strategy in terms of behavior? a.) b

1.) What is meant by an Evolutionary Stable Strategy in terms of behavior? a.) behavior which gains the most food for an individual b.) behavior that allows many different species…