Calculate the total charge, in coulombs (C). that passed through the electrolyti

Question

Calculate the total charge, in coulombs (C). that passed through the electrolytic cell for each trial. Use your answers from 1 above to calculate the number of electrons in the electrolysis for each trial. Recall from the famous Millikan oil-drop experiment that the charge of an electron is 1.602 times 10^-19 coulombs per electron. Determine the number of copper atoms lost from the anode in each trial. Remember that the electrolysis process uses two electrons to produce one copper ion (Cu^2+). Calculate the number of copper atoms per gram of copper lost at the anode for each trial. The mass lost at the anode is equal to both the mass of copper atoms lost and the mass of copper ions produced (the mass of the electrons is negligible). Calculate the number of copper atoms in a mole of copper for each trial. Compare this value to Avogadro's number.

Explanation / Answer

From the data

total charge passed through circuit = I x t

                                                        = 0.468 x 180 = 84.24 C

number of electons = 84.24/1.602 x 10^-19 = 5.26 x 10^20 e-

Cu lost = 5.26 x 10^20/2 = 2.63 x 10^20 Cu2+ ions

mass Cu atom per gram = 2.63 x 10^20/(5.100 - 5.073) = 9.74 x 10^21 Cu atom/g

Avogadro's number = 9.74 x 10^21 x 63.546 g/mol = 6.20 x 10^23 mol

Compared to avogadro's number (literature) = (6.20 x 10^23 - 6.02 x 10^23) x 100/6.02 x 10^23 = 2.99%

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