Ochem 2: Which of the following is ortho/para directing? What is the electrophil

Question

Ochem 2: Which of the following is ortho/para directing? What is the electrophile? What is the role of AlCl3? 8. Which of the following substituents is ortho/para directing and deactivating in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions? a. OH b. Cl c. CH d. NO2 What is the electrophile in the reaction of benzene with a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid? a. HONO b. NO . NO2 9. d. benzene 10. What is the role of AIC, in Friedel Crafts acylations using acid chlorides? a. Lewis acid b. electrophile c. base d. nucleophile Which of the following sets of substituents are all ortho on a directing in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions? 11· a. Br, CH, NO d. NO. COCH, COOH

Explanation / Answer

8)
Cl is O/P directing due to its +M effet
It is deactivating as -I is stronger than +M effect
Answer: b

9)
HNO3 + H2SO4 ---> HSO4- + H2O + NO2+
Answer: c

10)
Answer: a

11)
Answer: b

in a , NO2 is meta directing
in c: COCH3 is meta directing
in d: all are meta directing

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