Answer the questions below 3,4,5 In the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, t

Question

Answer the questions below 3,4,5

In the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, the boiling point listed for 1, 3-diiodopropane is 110^19. What does the superscript for this value refer to? In a vacuum distillation, it is not unusual to collect pure liquid over a 10 - 20 degree C temperature range. Why is the boiling point range in a vacuum distillation typically much larger than the boiling point range in a simple distillation? Is a single solvent, or a mixed solvent system, used in this experiment for the recrystallization of the reaction product? Why does the rate of an E_1 reaction depend on the concentration of the substrate, but not the concentration of the base? Explain your reasoning. Why does the rate of an E_2 reaction depend on both the concentration of the substrate and the concentration of the base? Explain your reasoning.

Explanation / Answer

3. For the boiling point reported here, the subscript refers to the pressure at boiling point is recorded.

4. Under vacuum, the boiling point becomes extended due to faster change in temperature compared to pressure applied and thus, liquid is collected over a 10-20 oC range.

6. The rate determining step of E1 reaction is loss of the leaving group to form carbocation intermdiate. The second step is attack of base to pick the proton. Thus the reaction depends only on the first step with no involvement of base and is independent of concentration of base.

7. E2 reaction is a concerted mechanism wherein the base attacks from opposite end to pick up the hydrogen and the leaving groups departs at the same time. Thus both are involved in rate determining step and dependent on concentration of both.

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