We talked a lot in class about the role humans play in relation to species extin
ID: 114978 • Letter: W
Question
We talked a lot in class about the role humans play in relation to species extinction. How have humans affected the dynamics of island biogeography in the case of Oahu? Think of this in terms of what Blackburn et al. 2004 discussed, and how that related to dynamic equilibrium. Include specific, real-world examples in your answer.We talked a lot in class about the role humans play in relation to species extinction. How have humans affected the dynamics of island biogeography in the case of Oahu? Think of this in terms of what Blackburn et al. 2004 discussed, and how that related to dynamic equilibrium. Include specific, real-world examples in your answer.
We talked a lot in class about the role humans play in relation to species extinction. How have humans affected the dynamics of island biogeography in the case of Oahu? Think of this in terms of what Blackburn et al. 2004 discussed, and how that related to dynamic equilibrium. Include specific, real-world examples in your answer.
Explanation / Answer
The general dynamic model of oceanic island biogeography (GDM) has added a new dimension to theoretical island
biogeography in recognizing that geological processes are key drivers of the evolutionary processes of diversification and
extinction within remote islands. It provides a dynamic and essentially non-equilibrium framework generating novel
predictions for emergent diversity properties of oceanic islands and archipelagos.
(i) macroecological tests using a space-for-time rationale; (ii) extensions of theory to islands following different patterns of ontogeny; (iii) the implications of GDM dynamics for lineage diversification and trait evolution; and (iv) the potential for downscaling GDM dynamicsto local-scale ecological patterns and processes within islands.
There are many factors on which extinction of creatrures exists.
They are as follows; 1) Colonlisation of human; when human start to reside in any area then they need some basic amenities for which they start to exploit the natural resources from the environmen causing pollutin led by over exploitation of resources and materials. Some m,ammals and creatures are dangerous and carnivorus so in order to protect our own civilisation, people use brutal ways to run them away.
2)Number of exotic mammal species. In most places, level of predation is difficult to assess as it derives from a variety of sources. However, oceanic islands were in most cases largely predator-free before human discovery, and most predation of bird species there can be attributed to introduced mammals. We collated data on all mammal species introduced to the islands in our set, and then classified them as herbivores if their diet was exclusively plant material (or almost so), or predators otherwise. Thus, omnivorous species known in some cases to be significant predators of birds or their eggs, such as rats (Rattus spp.) and pigs (Sus scrofa), were included as predators. Data sources are listed in Blackburn et al. (2004)
Human population size (number of individuals), island area (km2), maximum elevation(m), isolation from nearest continental landmass (km), and time since first human colonization (years).
human activity through ‘habitat destruction and deterioration’ was an important correlate of successful establishment on islands for exotic birds Although there is trend towards higher establishment success on islands with higher human population sizes this disappears when introduction effort is controlled for. Moreover, there is no relationship between establishment success and either time since human colonization or island isolation, whether effort is controlled for or not. Thus, we find no strong evidence that exotic bird species preferentially invade environments more disrupted by human activities.
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