Concept Questions: (10 points) 1. E dA is a surface integral. a) What does that

Question

Concept Questions: (10 points) 1. E dA is a surface integral. a) What does that integral represent? b) In your own words, describe a surface integral B-ds is a line integral. a) In your own words, describe a line integral 2. b) Magnetic fields have two origins; what are they? i) 3. B dA-0 is always true. However. E dA-0 is not always true. a) What is the significance of fB dA-07 b) Under what conditions is E dA0? 4. From Faraday's Law, what is the connection between È and B? How is light (with a speed c) connected to Maxwell's Electromagnetic Field Equations? 5. On the atomic level, the magnetic dipole moment is an indication of the existence of a magnetic field associated with atoms. What is the origin of this magnetic field? 6.

Explanation / Answer

1) a) this integral gives total flux over given surface for vector field E.

B) surface integral represent that if vector is parallel to the surface its contribution is zero and maximum when perpendicular to surface passing through it. It sums all contribution.

2) line integral is integral of any function along curve, it may be scalar or vector field.

3) its significance is that no monopoly exist in magnetic field, there should always be two poles in magnetic field, that is its divergence is always zero. It always forms closed loop

B) in case of electric field single positive or negative charges exist. So like when we have charge inside sphere its divergence may not be zero otherwise divergence is zero.

4) faraway law tells us how change in magnetic field causes conduction of voltage knows as emf. And electric field is voltage changing along that path.

5)The speed c of an electromagnetic wave is determined by the constants of electric and magnetic field
  c = 1/(e0m0)1/2 = 2.998 X 10^8m/s.

Where e0 is electric permeability and m0 magnetic permeability.

6) spin motion of electron is major contribution, orbital momentum also give some contribution in magnetic field at atomic level.

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