A researcher alters the hormone-binding sequence of an estrogen receptor to that

Question

A researcher alters the hormone-binding sequence of an estrogen receptor to that of a gluco-corticoid receptor. What may be the expected response of this receptor?

a. The estrogen receptor's activity will remain unaltered. The receptor will continue to strictly bind to estrogens.

b. The estrogen receptor will become entirely deactivated and will neither bind to estrogens nor gluco-corticoids.

c. The estrogen receptor may bind to gluco-corticoids if they are introduced into the cell.

d. The estrogen receptor will be capable of binding to both gluco-corticoids and estrogens.

e. None of the above

Explanation / Answer

Answer: b. The estrogen receptor will become entirely deactivated and will neither bind to estrogens nor gluco-corticoids

c. The estrogen receptor may bind to gluco-corticoids if they are introduced into the cell.

Reason: both are correct answers

Estrogen receptors are nuclear receptors and there are two types of receptors such as nuclear estrogen receptors (ER and ER) & these are intracellular nuclear receptors, whereas the other types are membrane estrogen receptors (mERs) & these are G-protein coupled membrane receptors. The estrogen steroidal hormones are specifically binds with these receptors similar to glucocoticoids that binds to nuclear receptors. The binding of estrogens to estrogen receptors trigger various intracellular regulations in the activity of several genes. Any change of alteration in the "dimerization to binding peptide sequence" of this estrogen receptor may lead to complete estrogen receptor deactivation and will neither bind to estrogens nor gluco-corticoids. This is because, hormone -binding sequence is essential even sometimes, mutant estrogen receptor binds to glucocroticoids, when introduced into the cell

Short term and long term cellular responses are completely depending on the extracellular signaling molecules such as hormones, neurotransmitters. Hormones induce long lasting effects because some of the hormones are going to act on cell nuclear receptors and initiate synthesis of steroid molecules by triggering gene transcription. Sometimes a signaling molecules trigger suppression of gene expression to synthesize for proteins. Steroidal hormones such as androgens act on nuclear receptors and produce long-term cellular responses to attain maturity in male and female species.

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