EXERCISE 15.3 Comparative Anatomical Evidence studying evolutionary relationship
ID: 189570 • Letter: E
Question
EXERCISE 15.3 Comparative Anatomical Evidence studying evolutionary relationships, scicetists se a variety of mechouls to determine ancestry, Ivolurionary biologists compare anaroical Isesed on the extent of similarity or descene from a common ancesbo simlar anatomical eatures and embryological development, tbey are sas trnactures of organisms, embeyological development, and the oeganisms.Crganisms in eurn can be clasified imparanw anan.my ed·m^teres yirkl. rvsdence that supports structures share and the arm of a hunaan arc honakwius struturehaving evolved (Pig. 15.4 to be homologous. For example, the wing of a bat, the flipper of a whale, from a common ancestor but not always performing the sae function Procedure 1 omologous and Analogous Structures It is possible for organisms to share a similar structure but to have evolved via different pathways. For example, the wing of a bird and the wing of an insect have a similar function but differ in their evolutionary history The wings are analogous structures Humerus In this activity, students will refer to Figure 15.4, then conduct some Radius Uina rescarch on the vertcbrate forelimbs of two species 1 Examine the bones of the forelimbs pictured. For each organism, Metacarpals name the bones that resemble a common ancestor and the bones that differ FGURE 15-4 Many of the bones in the forelimbs of vertebrates are homologous structures 2 Explain how modifications in the structure of some of the bones were necessary for the existence of the organism. 3 Sharks and dolphins share many analogous structures that allow them to meet the demands of their habitat. Why Chapter 15 Mystery of Mysteries: Understanding Evolution 219Explanation / Answer
1)
2. For the existence of the organism , bone structure has gone multiple changes. For instance, frog uses it limbs to jump whereas the crocodile uses it to walk as well as swim. So differences in the shape and size of humerus, ulna and radius are present. Similarly, due to scarcity of food on ground, aves have wings. The structure of the wings is very different from that of the limbs of the crocodile. Hence we see that changes in bone structure have helped the organisms survive in the new environment.
3. Analogous structures are those which have the same function but have evolved differently, homologous structures are those which evolved at the same time but perfrom different function.. Sharks are fishes whereas dolphin is a mammal, thus the features they posses even though performing the same function have different evolutionary history, hence these features are analogous rather than homologous.
Related Questions
Navigate
Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.