Eastern diamondback rattlesnake venom contains high levels of Phospholipase Acat

Question

Eastern diamondback rattlesnake venom contains high levels of Phospholipase Acatalyzes the breakdown of the second of the three (C-2 position) lipid groups of glycerophospholipids. Though the high levels of phospholipase A2 in venom can be deadly, this enzyme is necessary for a variety of normal metabolic processes. What problem(s) does excess of this enzyme cause, by hydrolyzing these bonds? And what are the normal metabolic processes that phospholipase A2 is used for?
Eastern diamondback rattlesnake venom contains high levels of Phospholipase Acatalyzes the breakdown of the second of the three (C-2 position) lipid groups of glycerophospholipids. Though the high levels of phospholipase A2 in venom can be deadly, this enzyme is necessary for a variety of normal metabolic processes. What problem(s) does excess of this enzyme cause, by hydrolyzing these bonds? And what are the normal metabolic processes that phospholipase A2 is used for?
Eastern diamondback rattlesnake venom contains high levels of Phospholipase Acatalyzes the breakdown of the second of the three (C-2 position) lipid groups of glycerophospholipids. Though the high levels of phospholipase A2 in venom can be deadly, this enzyme is necessary for a variety of normal metabolic processes. What problem(s) does excess of this enzyme cause, by hydrolyzing these bonds? And what are the normal metabolic processes that phospholipase A2 is used for?

Explanation / Answer

One of the major components of red blood cell membranes is phosphatidyl choline. The venom phospholipase A2 (excess amount of this enzyme) acts on this molecule and the product is called as lysophophatidyl choline which is responsible to act as a detergent to dissolve the red blood cell membrane. The phenomenon causes hemolysis that is one of the life-threatening effects of the venom.

All cells membranes are continually being degraded and reformed. Therefore, all cells have to have phopholipases present for the degradation process. In addition, the first step of the synthesis of eicosanoids depends on the release of arachadonic acid form the 2 position in membrane phospholipids, and this release depends on the presence of phospholipase A2.

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