An aging disorder that starts later in life and death generally occurs by 50 is:

ID: 267538 • Letter: A

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Werner syndrome

Down syndrome

Patau syndrome

Edward syndrome

Colorblindness is an X-linked recessive disorder. Thus it:

occurs more frequently in males.

occurs more frequently in females

does not affect genders differently.

is seen in every generation.

RNA differs from DNA in:

its single-stranded nature

the type of sugar found in the nucleotide

the types of pyrimidine bases

all of the above

Mitotic divisions reduce the number of chromosomes found in daughter cells.

True

False

At the end of anaphase of mitosis, there are 92 chromosomes in a human cell.

True

False

The two strands of each nucleotide chain in DNA are identical.

True

False

_______ is known as "good cholesterol" because it helps to reduce the amount of "bad cholesterol" in the blood by returning it to the liver.

high-density lipoproteins

low-density lipoproteins

beta-blockers

angio suppressants

Twins are said to be concordant for a trait when:

Both twins exhibit the trait.

Only identical twins exhibit the trait.

Only fraternal twins exhibit the trait.

Fraternal twins more often show the trait than identical twins.

Variation in gene expression is due to the effects of other genes and the environment.

True

False

Consanguinous matings:

Increase heterozygousity

Increase homozygousity

Decrease homozygousity

Increase genetic variation in large populations

Erik and Heather are at the extremes of a phenotypic trait. Their offspring:

will favor one parent over the other

will have a 3:1 ratio

will appear to be an average of the two

will be bell-shaped

Leptin is:

a hormone produced only by females

a signal from fat cells to the brain

a mutant hormone – not normally produced

a hormone produced only by males

A genetic disease involving long appendages and nearsightedness is:

Cystic Fibrosis

Porphyria

Marfan Syndrome

Muscular dystrophy

Human inheritance doesn't necessarily follow Mendel's laws due to the presence of:

multiple alleles

non-nuclear DNA (mtDNA)

linked genes

All of the above

A human trait that shows intermediate phenotypes with differing levels of LDL receptors is:

Familial hypercholesterolemia

Cystic fibrosis

PKU

Hemophilia

An example of a codominant trait involves:

ABO blood typing

Cystic fibrosis

Porphyria

There are 9 of the 22 autosomes in which it matters the parental origin of the gene expressed. In order to ensure the correct allele is expressed (maternally vs. paternally), the other allele is shut off otherwise known as _____.

imprinted

phenocopied

denatured

mutated

Turning off a gene can be achieved by:

Annotation

Phosphorylation

Methylation

Acetylation

The onset of a genetic disorder at earlier ages with increasing severity in successive generations is known as:

Magnification

Penetrance

Transformation

Anticipation

Polymerase chain reaction produces:

a southern blot

YAC’s

Multiple copies of DNA

Endonucleases

Addition or deletion of nucleotides in a DNA sequence is known as a:

Nonsense mutation

Missense mutation

Sense mutation

Frameshift mutation

Compounds that are not mutagenic but can be converted into mutagens are known as:

Anti-oxidants

Isomeres

Aliphatic

Pro-mutagens

Which of the following is a purine?

cytosine

guanine

thymine

uracil

MicroRNAs bind to _______ in order to prevent _______.

mRNA; translation

mRNA; transcription

tRNA; translation

tRNA; transcription

In the study of _______, microRNAs have been either too abundant or less abundant in affected cells.

cancer

multiple sclerosis

Alzheimer disease

autism

Gene activation is promoted by binding groups because the binding group eases:

transcription

translation

phosphorylation

polarization

The "backbone" of DNA is composed of:

ribose and phosphates

deoxyribose and phosphates

ribose and uracil

deoxyribose and thymine

Which of the following does NOT accurately describe gene therapy?

a cure for many genetic diseases

a medicinal branch of genetic engineering

a treatment for some genetic diseases

results vary greatly with gene therapy

A gene that promotes regular cell division can be classified as a/an:

tumor suppressor gene

inhibitor gene

oncogene

proto-oncogene

Explanation / Answer

1. An aging disorder that starts later in life and death generally occurs by 50 is: Werner syndrome

Early aging is seen in Werner syndrome.

2. Colorblindness is an X-linked recessive disorder. Thus it: occurs more frequently in males.

Since females have two X chromosomes and males have one, so in females both X should carry the recessive allele to express the disease while one recessive allele is enough to express the disease.

3. RNA differs from DNA in: all of the above

RNA can occur in single-stranded form, ribose sugar is found in the nucleotide, Uracil is found in place of thymine.

4. Mitotic divisions reduce the number of chromosomes found in daughter cells. False.

Only meiosis reduces the number of chromosomes found in daughter cells.

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An aging disorder that starts later in life and death generally occurs by 50 is:

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