What would be the most likely mechanism by which resveratrol, a compound found i

Question

What would be the most likely mechanism by which resveratrol, a compound found in red wine, might increase longevity in rodents? Assume that adequate amounts can be provided through dietary supplementation a. resveratrol inhibits insulin signalling b. resveratrol significantly increases protein intake c. resveratrol activates SIRT1 and consequently FOX01 d. resveratrol activates pro-aging genes A blood pressure reading is typically expressed as systolic over diastolic (eg. 120/80). What is the physiological significance of the second (diastolic) number? a. it represents the greatest pressure your arteries are exposed to during a heart beat b. it represents your heart rate c. it represents the pressure your heart must overcome to eject blood into the aorta d. it represents the pressure in your large veins Which of the following statements regarding the synthesis of ATP by the electron transport chain (ETC) is true? a. reducing equivalents (NADH, FADH2) and oxygen must be present b. ATP production by the ETC is not very important in terms of total ATP produced c. carbon dioxide is the final electron acceptor d. this process occurs at the outer plasma membrane of the cell What are the two most important hormones in regulating changes in glucose and fat metabolism (e.g. storage vs. mobilization) in the post-meal and fasting states at rest (not exercise)? a. insulin and amylase b. epinephrine and cortisol c. insulin and glucagon d. epinephrine and norepinephrine Glycogen that is stored in skeletal muscle cells a. b. c. d. is broken down and released into the blood to maintain blood glucose during exercise can only be used by the contracting muscle itself during exercise is rarely used for energy production during exercise two of the above are correct

Explanation / Answer

1. C. Reveratrol activates SIRT1 and consequently FOXO1

2. A. It represent the greatest pressure your arteries are exposed to during a heart beat.

Aortic pressure does not drop below 80 mm Hg. arterial resistance. These pressures are transmitted throughout the arterial tree and are recorded by sphygmomanometer.

3. A. Reducing equivalents NADH, FADH2 and oxygen must be present.

4. D. Epinephrine and norepinephrine

5. B. Can only used by the contracting muscle itself during excerise.
Liver glycogen directly contributes to release of glucose into the blood. Skeletal muscles are unable to release glucose (because muscles lack glucose 6-phosphatase) and muscles glycogen is mainly a local energy substrate for exercise.

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