Click on each of the following that describe functions performed by the kidneys.

Question

Click on each of the following that describe functions performed by the kidneys. Production of the hormone erythropoietin Regulation of water and inorganic ion balance Conversion of 25-hydroxyvitamin D to 1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D Removal of foreign chemicals from the blood and their excretion in the urine Regulation of the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood Secretion of the hormone aldosterone Secretion of the enzyme renin Removal of metabolic waste products from the blood and their excretion in the urine Maintenance of blcod glucose within a homeostatic range Gluconeogenesis

Explanation / Answer

Production of the hormone erythropoetin

Secretion of the enzyme renin

Regulation of water and inorganic ion

Removal of foreign chemicals from food and excretion in urine

Removal of metabolic waste product from blood and excretion through urine

Conversion of 25 hydroxy vitamin D to 1,25 di hydroxy vitamin

Gluconeogenesis  

Reasons :

Kidney cells produce erythropoetin that forms RBC.

Renin is secreted from juxtaglomerular kidney cells that sense changes in renal perfusion pressure

99% Reabsorption of water and ions after filtration by glomerular filtrate happens in kidney and only 1% is excreted. This regulates water and ionic balance.

99-100% removal of toxins, drugs through urine

Hydroxylase enzyme in the kidney converts 25 hydroxy vitamin D to 1,25 di hydroxy vitamin D

Gluconeogenesis happens in renal cortex of kidneys due to the presence of gluconeogenic enzymes.

Others

Aldosterone is secreted in the adrenal cortex.

Regulation of partial pressure of CO2 is by lungs

Maintenance of blood glucose is by insulin

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