No explanation required, will rate! Thank you! The countercurrent multiplier is

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No explanation required, will rate! Thank you!

The countercurrent multiplier is made up of the ascending limb of the (loop of Henlevasa recta /both) and the descending limb of the (loop of Henlevasa recta) NaCl pumps in the system are able to create a (100 2001600/1200) gradient between inside and outside the tubule. NaCl is added to the medullary interstitium from the (ascending limb descending limb) segments (increases/decreases/does not change) osmotic gradient reaches its normal maximum. This osmotic gradient will then draw water out of the (ascending limb descending lmb) of the loop. As fluid flows through the loop of Henle, distal tubule and cortical collecting duct, urea concentration within these Reabsorption of urea into the (cortical / outer medullary papillary) region of the kidney ensures that the of the loop of Henle. QUESTION 4 Match hormone and effect. Answers are used only once. ANP (Atrial Natriuretic Peptide) A. Increased K+ secretion Angiotensin II ADH Aldosterone Increased K+ reabsorption Decreased water permeability in collecting duct Increased water permeability in collecting duct E. Increased total peripheral resistance Increased glomerular filtration rate QUESTION 5 UNLIKE cortical nephrons, juxtamedullary nephrons are able to: Produce a concentrated urine a) Reabsorb urea a) Produce the osmotic gradient a) All of the above are functions of juxtamedullary, but not cortical nephrons.

Explanation / Answer

The counter current multiplier is made up of ascending limb of loop of Henle and decending limb of loop Henle.Nacl pumps in the system are able to create 1200 gradient between inside and outside the tubule.Nacl is added to interstitium by the ascending limb of loop of henle as fluid flows through distil tibulet,c collecting duct the urea concentration does not change.reabsoption of urea into outer madullary region ensure that the osmotic gradient reaches it's max normal.this osmotic gradient will then draw water out of the ascending limb of loop of henle

Ans 4. .ANP.....decreased water permeability in collecting duct.

Angiotensin....increase total peripheral resistance.

ADH.....increase water absorption from.collecting duct

Aldosterone...increased GFR

Ans 5...d...all are the functions of juxta medullary hormone

Cortical nephrons extend very little in the medula and are majority present in cortex .juxta medullary nephrons extend majorily in medulla and hence can perform the given functions better

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