How does equilibrium actually work? For a reaction to be spontaneous in the forw

Question

How does equilibrium actually work?
For a reaction to be spontaneous in the forward direction it means its non spontaneous in reverse direction, so if both processes aren’t occurring spontaneous in both directions; is it safe to assume the process is not at equilibrium?
I still can’t grasp this idea between equilibrium and spontaneity
If someone is kind enough to explain the concept behind this two equations
Delta G = Delta G?? + RT x ln(Q)
Delta G??= -RT x ln(k)
Thank you How does equilibrium actually work?
For a reaction to be spontaneous in the forward direction it means its non spontaneous in reverse direction, so if both processes aren’t occurring spontaneous in both directions; is it safe to assume the process is not at equilibrium?
I still can’t grasp this idea between equilibrium and spontaneity
If someone is kind enough to explain the concept behind this two equations
Delta G = Delta G?? + RT x ln(Q)
Delta G??= -RT x ln(k)
Thank you
For a reaction to be spontaneous in the forward direction it means its non spontaneous in reverse direction, so if both processes aren’t occurring spontaneous in both directions; is it safe to assume the process is not at equilibrium?
I still can’t grasp this idea between equilibrium and spontaneity
If someone is kind enough to explain the concept behind this two equations
Delta G = Delta G?? + RT x ln(Q)
Delta G??= -RT x ln(k)
Thank you

Explanation / Answer

Spontaneous reaction means some reaction that can occur on it's own like a hot cofee cup placed in a cold atmosphere it losses heat tonsurroundings and hence it os spontaneous.

But then after comming to room temperature it no longer losses heat that means it is in equilibrium.

Similarly in case of chemical reactions a reaction is said to be spontaneous if it occurs on it's own.After the reaction proceeds in forward direction the reaction no longer becomes spontaneous .the concentration of reactants decreases and products increases and then the system comes into equilibrium.

When the reaction begins(assuming it as spontaneous) as the concentration of reactants is large it proceeds in forward direction and then as reaction continues the concentration of products increases the reverse reqction proceeeds.Based on the rates of forward and backward reactions the equilibrium is established.

Gibbs free energy says whether the reaction is spontaneous or not .If G is negative then reaction is spontaneous.the reaction continues till Gibbs free energy is zero.

Delta G in above reaction is Gibbs energy change at any instant during the reaction.delta g0 is during the instant when the reaction is at equilibrium.so,when reaction is at equilibrium delta g is zero.and Q=K.so apply them to get the equation.

Delta g0=-RTln(k).

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