The ?-oxidation pathway degrades activated fatty acids (acyl-CoA) to acetyl-CoA,

Question

The ?-oxidation pathway degrades activated fatty acids (acyl-CoA) to acetyl-CoA, which then enters the citric acid cycle. Additional enzymes are required to oxidize unsaturated, odd-chain, long-chain, and branched fatty acids. Which of the following statements are true?

1. Trans double bonds in unsaturated fatty acids are not recognized by ?-oxidation enzymes.

2. The final round of ?-oxidation for a 13-carbon saturated fatty acid yields acetyl-CoA and propionyl-CoA, a three-carbon fragment.

3. Enoyl-CoA isomerase, an enzyme that converts cis double bonds to trans double bonds in fatty acid metabolism, bypasses a step that reduces Q, resulting in a higher ATP yield.

4. A 14-carbon monounsaturated fatty acid with cis configuration yields more ATP than a 14-carbon saturated fatty acid.

5. Even-chain saturated fatty acids are oxidized to acetyl-CoA in the ?-oxidation pathway.

6. Complete catabolism of the three-carbon remnant of a 15-carbon fatty acid requires some citric acid cycle enzymes.

Explanation / Answer

2 , 5 ,6 is the answer

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