https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3846809/#B17 1.) The author points

Question

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3846809/#B17

1.) The author points out a number of differences between axonal microtubules and cellular microtubules (special features). Summarize these differences and explain how or why they are useful in the axon.

Here are the differences, but how or why are these differences useful in the axon?

1.Axonal microtubules are organized into bundles that are parallel to one another and point their positive end to the axon tip

2.In cellular microtubules, nucleation occurs out from centrosomes located in the center of the cell. Axonal microtubules do not have to nucleate in the cell body and their sites of nucleation can be spread throughout the axon

3.Axonal microtubules maintain high amounts of GTP based tubulin, whereas cellular tubulin is often hydrolyzed to GDP once bound to the microtubule allowing disassociation of that GDP-bound tubulin

4.Can be polyaminated to cause MTs to be stable to cold and calcium treatments

5.Axonal MT’s are interwoven with intermediate filaments

Explanation / Answer

Increasing in length of axonal microtubule bundle by positive polymerisation process is responsible for the Axon growth. Neuro-developmental disease is caused due to mutation in tubulin gene of tubulin chaperons which play vital role in microtubule building. It is also reported that forward propulsion of long micro tubules as well as mass of it towards the leading cone is due to elongation in axon shaft. These results explain the arrangement of plus tip of axon microtubules along axon shaft. In presence of End binding protein (EB), Tip interaction protein (TIP) is responsible for increase of microtubules at plus end. The axon microtubules contain higher GTP in tubulin. It was found that the GTP-tubulin is required for some motor proteins to bind there. Inter woven microtubule are play vital role in ordered maintenance which leads to formation of specific diameter of axons. Mutation in those may cause neurodegenerative disease.

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