What is the ploidy of the DNA at the end of meiosis I? What about at the end of
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Question
What is the ploidy of the DNA at the end of meiosis I? What about at the end of meiosis II?
How are meiosis I and meiosis II different?
Why do you use non-sister chromatids to demonstrate crossing over?
What combinations of alleles could result from a crossover between BD and bd chromosomes?
Identify two ways that meiosis contributes to genetic recombination.
Why is it necessary to reduce the number of chromosomes in gametes, but not in other cells?
Blue whales have 44 chromosomes in every cell. Determine how many chromosomes you would expect to find in the following:
Sperm Cell:
Egg Cell:
Daughter Cell from Meiosis I:
Daughter Cell from Meiosis II:
Research and find a disease that is caused by chromosomal mutations. When does the mutation occur? What chromosomes are affected? What are the consequences?
Describe what would happen if sexual reproduction took place for four generations using diploid (2n) cells.
Suppose a person developed a mutation in a somatic cell which diminishes the performance of the body’s natural cell cycle control proteins. This mutation resulted in cancer, but was effectively treated with a cocktail of cancer-fighting techniques. Is it possible for this person’s future children to inherit this cancer-causing mutation? Be specific when you explain why or why not.
Why do cells which lack cell cycle control exhibit karyotypes which look physically different than cells with normal cell cycle.
Explanation / Answer
What is the ploidy of the DNA at the end of meiosis I? What about at the end of meiosis II?
Meiosis I chromosome number reduced from diploid to haploid
Meiosis II haploid cells, chromosome number remains unchanged
How are meiosis I and meiosis II different?
End of meiosis I, two daughter cells each of which has 23 chromosomes and 46 chromatids whereas in meiosis II, the sister chromatids of each chromosome seperate and are transferred to the gametes to give four gametes, each of which contains 23 chromosomes and 23 chromatids
Why do you use non-sister chromatids to demonstrate crossing over?
Exchange of genetic material between parent chromosomes
What combinations of alleles could result from a crossover between BD and bd chromosomes?
Bd and Db
Identify two ways that meiosis contributes to genetic recombination.
Two homologous chromosomes pair, exchange of genetic material between nonsister chromatids resulting in two recombinant chromatids and two non recombinant or parental chromatids
Why is it necessary to reduce the number of chromosomes in gametes, but not in other cells?
The gametes from both father and mother fuse to form diploid number of chromosomes.
Blue whales have 44 chromosomes in every cell. Determine how many chromosomes you would expect to find in the following:
Sperm Cell: 23 chromosomes
Egg Cell: 23 chromosomes
Daughter Cell from Meiosis I: 23 chromosomes
Daughter Cell from Meiosis II: 23 chromosomes
Research and find a disease that is caused by chromosomal mutations. When does the mutation occur? What chromosomes are affected? What are the consequences?
Prader-Willi Syndrome
caused chromosomal mutation
Segment of chromosome 15 is deleted in each cell
causes underdeveloped genitals, puberty delayed, infertile, intellectual impairment and learning disabilities.
Describe what would happen if sexual reproduction took place for four generations using diploid (2n) cells.
Numerical chromosomal abnormalities occur when the normal human chromosome number of 46 is altered
Suppose a person developed a mutation in a somatic cell which diminishes the performance of the body’s natural cell cycle control proteins. This mutation resulted in cancer, but was effectively treated with a cocktail of cancer-fighting techniques. Is it possible for this person’s future children to inherit this cancer-causing mutation? Be specific when you explain why or why not.
Evidence suggests the role of p53 and p21 at the G2/M checkpoint, the cell is prevented from entering M phase if there is chromosomal damage or defect in the mitotic apparatus. these mutations are inherited
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