Directions: Read the following case study and determine whether or the informed

Question

Directions: Read the following case study and determine whether or the informed refusal process was correctly applied Question 1 A 64-year-old male patient presented to emergency department #1 with a headache and neck pain. A CT scan of the brain was obtained and was negative. The physician advised the patient that they should consider the possibility of meningitis, requiring a lumbar puncture to analyze his spinal fluid. The physician stated his suspicion was low for meningitis. The patient stated, “If you are not that concerned, I’m not either.” He declined the lumbar puncture. The patient presented to emergency department #2 via ambulance 48 hours later. He was comatose and was diagnosed with a subarachnoid hemorrhage.menigitis and subarachnoid hemmorhage may have similar presentation, and both can be diagonsed with lumbar puncture.

1. problem affection patient?
solution that you recommend for patient?

2. ethical principle supporting your recommended solution?
explain why you chose this ethical principle?

3. law/ risk management
a. documentation, if any, used in case example.
b. documentation that you would recommend and why?

Explanation / Answer

1. For subarachnoid hemorrhage, patients should be ventilated. Using antihypertensive agents and administration of beta blockers is useful.

For lowering increased intracranial pressure (ICP), using loop diuretics and mannitol as an osmotic agent, is recommended.

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