Biology and Genetics

1) For each of the following stains, state where you think it would be mainly lo

1) For each of the following stains, state where you think it would be mainly localized in the cell. a. A stain that bound to G proteins b. A stain that bound to RNA and DNA polym…

1) For mendzelles, a fictitious animal, red eyes (E) are dominant over white eye

1)For mendzelles, a fictitious animal, red eyes (E) are dominant over white eyes (e) and gray skin (S) is dominant over white skin (s). These two genes are found on the same chrom…

1) For nonsmokers, approximately 2.3% of the hemoglobin molecules within the blo

1) For nonsmokers, approximately 2.3% of the hemoglobin molecules within the blood are unable to bind and carry oxygen. As much as 6.0% of the hemoglobin molecules are inactive in…

1) For the DNA sequence given below, write the complementary DNA sequence that w

1)     For the DNA sequence given below, write the complementary DNA sequence that would complete the double-strand. DNA    3’—A T T   G   C T T   A   C T T   G C A T -- 5’ DNA   …

1) For this question, which statement below is true and there is more than one o

1) For this question, which statement below is true and there is more than one once answer. A) The capitulum is found on the lateral aspect of the humerus bone B) the head of the …

1) For what types of organisms is the geometric model of population growth appro

1) For what types of organisms is the geometric model of population growth appropriate? For what types of organisms is the exponential model of population growth appropriate? In w…

1) Freckles are dominant. A nurse hands a freckled baby to a non-freckled couple

1) Freckles are dominant. A nurse hands a freckled baby to a non-freckled couple, is it likely to be theirs? Why or why not? Could the parents genotype be Ff x Ff or FF, Ffand not…

1) Gd-DOTA complex is suitable for MRI because A) DOTA is a fluorescence ligand

1) Gd-DOTA complex is suitable for MRI because A) DOTA is a fluorescence ligand making the complex highly luminescent. B) DOTA is a multidentate ligand making the complex more sta…

1) Gene expression is the term used to describe the process that: a) Makes gene

1) Gene expression is the term used to describe the process that: a) Makes gene by using amino acid as a template via the process of transcription. b) Makes enzymes and other prot…

1) Gene therapy is a novel approach to treating cancer currently in clinical tri

1) Gene therapy is a novel approach to treating cancer currently in clinical trials. But, it is not without risk. Why do you think someone would volunteer for this type of a study…

1) Generally, membrane filters are not used to remove a) bacteria from liquids b

1) Generally, membrane filters are not used to remove a) bacteria from liquids b) microorganisms from gases c) spoilage agents from alcoholic beverages d) enzymes 2) plain soap is…

1) Genetic diversity is increased by which of the following mechanisms? (mark al

1) Genetic diversity is increased by which of the following mechanisms? (mark all that apply? a) meiosis   b) mitosis   c) genetic recombination   d) independent assortment   e) c…

1) Genomic imprinting leads to non-Mendelian inheritance because in genomic impr

1) Genomic imprinting leads to non-Mendelian inheritance because in genomic imprinting a. the allele pairs controlling a trait do not assort independently. b. the expression of an…

1) Genotypes provide information about Proteins Lipids Carbohydrates DNA 2) Cros

1) Genotypes provide information about Proteins Lipids Carbohydrates DNA 2) Crossing over occurs: _______________. during both meiosis I and meiosis II during meiosis I only durin…

1) Give a possible genotype lac, lacP /acO lacZ lacY) of a lac operon that produ

1) Give a possible genotype lac, lacP /acO lacZ lacY) of a lac operon that produces - galactosidase and permease results under the following conditions. Genotypes are designated b…

1) Give one example of each of the following. a) a homologous molecular trait sh

1) Give one example of each of the following. a) a homologous molecular trait shared by all cellular organisms. b) a body part adapted to different functions in different species …

1) Given a planetary albedo of 30% and using a 1 atmospheric layer energy balanc

1) Given a planetary albedo of 30% and using a 1 atmospheric layer energy balance model for the earth, calculate what fraction of out-going long-wave radiation emitted by the eart…

1) Given that there are just two alleles, A and B for a particular trait and tha

1) Given that there are just two alleles, A and B for a particular trait and that the gene frequency for A is 0.8 in a certain population, what would be the equilibrium frequency …

1) Given the large and heterogenous collection of signaling molecules that play

1) Given the large and heterogenous collection of signaling molecules that play key roles in the pathogenesis of various cancers, which classes of molecules do you think might bec…

1) Given the species list in Table 5.1, calculate the following community metric

1) Given the species list in Table 5.1, calculate the following community metrics: species richness (S) Shannon diversity index (H), maximum diversity (Hmax) and evenness index (J…

1) Given two alleles- B with a frequency p of 0.6, and b with a frequency q of 0

1) Given two alleles- B with a frequency p of 0.6, and b with a frequency q of 0.4 - what frequency of individuals homozygous for B is predicted by the Hardy-Weinberg equation? Wh…

1) Green is dominant over white for leaf color but f apple trees. If a white tre

1) Green is dominant over white for leaf color but f apple trees. If a white tree is crossed with heterozygous green tree. What percent of the F1 generation will be white? 2) if t…

1) Gymnosperms make A. hornworts B. flowers C. cones D. horsetails 2)Most H20 ta

1) Gymnosperms make A. hornworts B. flowers C. cones D. horsetails 2)Most H20 taken in by plants is used for A. circulation B. respiration C. digestion 3) Growth is achieved by th…

1) Hamilton’s rule is rB>C, and defines the conditions under which a potential a

1) Hamilton’s rule is rB>C, and defines the conditions under which a potential altruist gene may spread by kin selection. Which of the following is the best re-statement of Ham…

1) Heavy metals, such as lead and mercury, can bind tightly to many physiologica

1) Heavy metals, such as lead and mercury, can bind tightly to many physiological proteins. This feature contribute to which aspect of toxicity? a. unusually long half-lives in th…

1) Hemophilia is an impairment of blood clotting that is heritable. Parents that

1) Hemophilia is an impairment of blood clotting that is heritable. Parents that do not show signs of impairment have a son who expresses the hemophilia phenotype. Simultaneously,…

1) Here are the read outs (area under the peak proportional to the amount of ami

1) Here are the read outs (area under the peak proportional to the amount of amino acid) for each amino acid from an amino acid analyzer. The first column contains the name of the…

1) Here is a map of surface chlorophyll during the spring of the northern (top p

1) Here is a map of surface chlorophyll during the spring of the northern (top panel) and southern (bottom panel) hemisphere. a) Explain the main mechanisms that contribute to the…

1) Higher blood osmotic pressure ( c ) than interstitial fluid osmotic pressure

1) Higher blood osmotic pressure (c) than interstitial fluid osmotic pressure (t), and low capillary permeability to plasma proteins 2) Thick, muscular arteriole walls in lower le…

1) Homeostasis is one the most important concepts in physiology. Which of the fo

1) Homeostasis is one the most important concepts in physiology. Which of the following statements best describes homeostasis? a) Homeostasis is the dynamic maintenance of a stabl…

1) How are NK cells similar/different to CTL and TH cells (especially in terms o

1) How are NK cells similar/different to CTL and TH cells (especially in terms of their development)? 2) How are NK cells involved in the overall immune response to a viral infect…

1) How are active continental margins related to plate tectonics? e)Active conti

1) How are active continental margins related to plate tectonics? e)Active continental margins are located along convergent plate boundaries, where oceanic lithosphere subducts be…

1) How are the medical record retention laws for the state and federal governmen

1) How are the medical record retention laws for the state and federal government of Michigan similar ? 2) How are they different ? 3) if the amount of retention time is different…

1) How can hybrid zones be useful in studying speciation? 2) How can you explain

1) How can hybrid zones be useful in studying speciation? 2) How can you explain that speciation can occur rapidly between some populations but the time between speciation events …

1) How could you experimentally test whether herds of African antelope affect th

1) How could you experimentally test whether herds of African antelope affect the abundance of plants on which they graze? (Ch. 14) 2) Explain why an herbivore that consumes many …

1) How do animals keep from digesting themselves? 2) What are the biological adv

1) How do animals keep from digesting themselves? 2) What are the biological advantages of internal versus external fertilization and internal versus external development of the e…

1) How do comparisons between genomes of related species help refine gene annota

1) How do comparisons between genomes of related species help refine gene annotation? Comparisons can help identify errors in gene annotation if the annotation of two genes with i…

1) How do lone pairs of electrons influence the structure of molecules? 2) What

1) How do lone pairs of electrons influence the structure of molecules? 2) What does VSEPR stand for? In VSEPR theory, what determines the shape of the molecule? 3) Draw an approp…

1) How do scientists attempt to answer questions about future climate? They don’

1) How do scientists attempt to answer questions about future climate? They don’t They take a guess They use models run by super computers They look for a time when the event happ…

1) How does Leibig’s law of the minimum explain limits on population’s growth? (

1) How does Leibig’s law of the minimum explain limits on population’s growth? (Ch. 16) 2) If two species require the same limiting resource, what would you predict about their ab…

1) How does peak discharge data for Mercer Creek from the most recently recorded

1)       How does peak discharge data for Mercer Creek from the most recently recorded decade, 1999-2009, compare to the peak discharge data for each of the 11-year records for 19…

1) How does position effect influence gene expression? a) The movement of the ge

1) How does position effect influence gene expression? a) The movement of the genetic material on the chromosome by inversions or translocations may place a coding sequence near a…

1) How does position effect influence gene expression? a) Translocations may res

1) How does position effect influence gene expression? a) Translocations may result in a promoter that is normally used for one gene now controlling an entirely different gene. b)…

1) How does the circulatory system viewed in the squid differ from that viewed i

1) How does the circulatory system viewed in the squid differ from that viewed in other molluscs? What advantage does this confer? What route does blood follow as it moves through…

1) How does the number of chromosomes in the cells produced by meiosis different

1) How does the number of chromosomes in the cells produced by meiosis different from those produced by mitosis? Meiosis and mitosis result in the same number of chromosomes in th…

1) How does the omission of specific milk proteins aid in the digestion from per

1) How does the omission of specific milk proteins aid in the digestion from persons who are lactose intolerant? You may need references to support your rationale. 2) Recently, A2…

1) How does tuberculosis(TB) evade the human immune system? -TB replicates insid

1) How does tuberculosis(TB) evade the human immune system? -TB replicates inside macrophages -TB replicates much more quickly than most bacterial diseases -TB usually enters the …

1) How is a living organism different from a rock? Can you think of any other qu

1) How is a living organism different from a rock? Can you think of any other qualities that would differentiate a living from non-living organism? 2) Describe the difference betw…

1) How is hydrogen peroxide antimicrobial? 2) Before receiving an injection, rub

1)   How is hydrogen peroxide antimicrobial? 2) Before receiving an injection, rubbing alcohol is typically applied to the skin to decrease the number of microbes at the injection…

1) How is oxygenated and deoxygenated blood distributed through four chambers? 2

1) How is oxygenated and deoxygenated blood distributed through four chambers? 2) What is the structure that blood returns to the heart through and what chamber of the heart does …