Calculate the approximate product distribution for each of the monochlorinated p

Question

Calculate the approximate product distribution for each of the monochlorinated products in the following reactions. Assume that the relative rates of formation of 1:3.8:5 for 1 degree, 2 degree, and 3 degree positions. Provide the complete mechanism for the free radical halogenation of alkanes. Then use the mechanism to thoroughly explain each portion of the following statement. Halogenation of alkanes will not proceed in the dark, yet once light has been shown on the reaction mixture, it will continue to react for some time before it eventually stops (or at least slow down considerably.)

Explanation / Answer

The ratio of formation of primary, secondary and tertiary products is 1:3.8:5.

There are 3 primary carbons, 2 secondary carbons and 1 tertiary carbon in the given structure.

3 x 1 = 3 - primary carbons

2 x 3.8 = 7.6 - secondary carbons

1 x 5 = 5 - tertiary carbon

Total = 3 + 7.6 + 5 = 15.6

Calculation of percentages :

Primary = (3/15.6)x100 = 19.2%

Secondary = (7.6/15.6)x100 = 48.7%

Tertiary = (5/15.5)x100 = 32.1%

The approximate product distribution of primary, secondary and tertiary products is 19.2%, 48.7%, and 32.1% respectively.

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